Ilocos Sur Polytechnic State College

---

Abstract

Reviewed literature revealed a dearth of studies on the views and perspective of LGBTQPIA+ community on heteronormativity and gender roles. In such context, this basic descriptive qualitative study aimed to explore how LGBTQPIA+ members view heteronormativity and gender roles. With the use of an aide-mémoire, six (6) personnel from a public higher education institution in Ilocos Sur, Philippines were interviewed. The cool and warm analyses of the interview transcripts or extended texts revealed that the participants view heteronormativity as a norm and perceive gender roles as assigned, acted, and equality. In such context, it is evident that the society embraces traditional beliefs, and practices and welcomes more diverse and evolving views on heteronormativity and gender roles. 

Full Article

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56901/MNFH9719

References

Allen, S.H., & Mendez, S.N. (2018). Hegemonic Heteronormativity: Toward a New Era of Queer Family Theory. Journal of Family Theory & Review, 10 (1): 70-86.

Bain, A. L. &Podmore, J. A. (2019). Challenging Heteronormativity in Suburban High Schools Through “Surplus Visibility”: Gay-Straight Alliances in the Vancouver City-Region. ResearchGate. DOI: 10.1080

Bauer N. (2019). Gender Stereotyping in Political Decision Making.Politics. 1-21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.772

Beasley C., Holems., & Heather Brook. (2015). Heterodoxy: Challenging orthodoxies about heterosexuality. Sage. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1363460714561714

Birt, L., Scott, S., Cavers, D., Campbell, C., & Walter, F. (2016). Member Checking: A Tool to Enhance Trustworthiness or Merely a Nod to Validation?.PubMed, 26(13):1802-1811. DOI: 0.1177/1049732316654870.

Block, K., Croft, A., Souza, D.L., & Schmader, T. (2019). Do People Care If Men Don't Care About Caring? The Asymmetry In Support for Changing Gender Roles. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 112–131. DOI: 10.1016.

Caner, A., Guven, C., Okten, C. & Sakalli, S. O. (2015).Gender Roles and the Education Gender Gap in Turkey. Springer, 129: 1231-1254. DOI: 10.1007.

Carrillo H.,& Hoffman A. (2018). ‘Straight with a pinch of bi’: The construction of heterosexuality as an elastic category among adult US men. Sage. 21(1-2): 90-108. DOI: 10.1177/1363460716678561

Coffman, K. B., Exley, C.L., & Niederle, M. (2018).When Gender Discrimination Is Not About gender (Unpublished master’s thesis, Harvard Business School).

Croft, A., Atkinson, C., Sandstrom, G., Orbell, S., & Aknin, L. (2021). Loosening the GRIP (Gender Roles InhibitingProsociality) to Promote Gender Equality. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 25(1): 66–92. DOI: 10.1177/1088868320964615

D’Acunto, Malmendier U., & Weber M. (2020). Gender roles produce divergent economicexpectations. ECONOMIC SCIENCES, 118(21): 1-10. DOI: https://www.pnas.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1073/pnas.2008534118//DCSupplemental.y

de Lange F.P., Heilbron M., &Kok P. (2018). How do expectations shape perception?.National University of Medicine, 1-34.

Ercan E.U & Uçar S., (2021). Gender Roles, Personality Traits and Expectations of Women and Men Towards Marriage. Educational Policy Analysis and Strategic Research,16(1), 7-20. DOI: 10.29329/epasr.2020.334.1

García-Vega E., Rico R., & Fernández P. (2017).Sex, gender roles and sexual attitudes in university students.Psicothema, 29(2): 178-183. doi: 10.7334/psicothema2015.338

Giertsen M. (2016). Heteronormativity in Norwegian Social Work Journals.Critical Social Work. 17(2): 44-58.

Haines K., Boyer C.R., Giovanazzi C., &Galupo P. (2017). “Not a Real Family”: Microaggressions Directed toward LGBTQ Families. Taylor & Francis Online, 65 (9): 1138-1151. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00918369.2017.1406217

Hegarty B., Marshall D., Ramussen., Aggleton & Cover R. (2018). Heterosexuality and Race in the Australian Same-Sex Marriage Postal Survey.Taylor & Francis Online. 33 (97):400-416. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08164649.2018.1536441

Interligne (2022). What is heterosexism? What does heteronormativity mean?. Retrieved from https://interligne.co/en/faq/what-is-heterosexism-what-does-heteronormativity-mean/

Javaid, A. (2018). Out of place: Sexualities, sexual violence, and heteronormativity.ScienceDirect, 39: 83-89. DOI: 10.1016.

Kim H. & Gong Y. (2017). Effects of work–family and family–work conflictson flexible work arrangements demand: a genderrole perspective. Routledge, 28(20): 2936-2956, DOI:10.1080/09585192.2016.1164217

Kim H., Setcik J.S., & Bradway C. (2017).  Characteristics of Qualitative Descriptive Studies: A Systematics Review. Wiley Online Library, 40 (1): 23-42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.21768

Kowalski B. M.,& Scheitle C. P. (2019). Sexual Identity and Attitudes About Gender Roles. Sexuality & Culture, 24:671–691. DOI: 10.1007/s12119-019-09655-x.

Lehtonen J. (2021). Heteronormative Violence in Schools: Focus on Homophobia, Transphobia and the Experiences of Trans and Non-heterosexual Youth in Finland.Springer Link, 4: 155-172. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75319-1_10

Mandujano-Ysela Y.Y. (2019). Limited to single and childfree, cisgender heterosexual Individuals.SAGE, 1-12. DOI: 10.1177/2158244019855844

Matthyse, G. (2017). Heteronormative Higher Education: Challenging This Status Quo Through LGBTIQ Awareness-Raising. South African of American Journal, 31(4): 112-126. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20853/31-4-890

Morales, F.J., Santiago, Y., & Larranaga, E. (2015). Gender and Bullying: Application of a Three-Factor Model of Gender Stereotyping. Sex Roles, 74:169–180. DOI: 10.1007/s11199-015-0463-3

Moreno, A.A., & Dano, J.C. (2018). From Dystopia To Utopia: The Perceptions Of Ostomy Clients. Malaysian Journal of Medical Research, 2 (2): 1-7. DOI: 10.31674/mjmr.2018.v02i02.001

Nadal K., Whitman C., Davis L., Erazo, T., & Davidoff K. (2016). MicroaggressionsToward Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, and Genderqueer People: AReview of the Literature.Taylor and Francis Group.00(00): 1-21. DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2016.1142495

Nygren K., Ohman S. & Olofsson (2017). Doing and undoing risk: the mutual constitution of risk and heteronormativity in contemporary society. Journal of Risk Research, 20 (3): 418-432, DOI: 10.1080/13669877.2015.1088056

Payne, E., & Smith M.J. (2016). Gender Policing.Springer Link. 127- 136. DOI: 10.1057/978-1-137-55425-3_14

Poole, L. (2017). Heterosexuality.Wiley Online Library.Wiley Online Library. DOI: 10.1002/9781118430873.

Resnick, A. (2022). What is Heteronormativity?Retrieved from    https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-heteronormativity-5191883.

Robinson, B.A. (2016). Heteronormativity and Homonormativity.The WileyBlackwell Encyclopedia of Gender and Sexuality Studies,1: 2-4. DOI: 10.1002/9781118663219.

Saewyc, E. (2017). A Global Perspective on Gender Roles and Identity.Journal of Adolescent Health, 61-4. DOI: 10.1016.

Shannon G., Jansen M., Williams. K. Cáceres C., Motta A., Odhiambo A., …Mannell J. (2019). Gender equality in science, medicine, and global health: where are we at and why does it matter? The Lancet, 393(10171): 560-569. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)33135-0

Siordia, C. (2016). On the Relationship between Gender Roles Attitudes, Religious Ideology and Familism in a Sample of Adults in the United States.Journal of International Women’s Studies, 17(4): 229-244.

Sniewski L., Farvid.,& Carter P. (2017). The assessment and treatment of adult heterosexual men with self-perceived problematic pornography use: A review. Elseiver.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.10.010

Somech, A. & Drach-Zahavy A. (2016). Gender Role Ideology. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118663219.wbegss205

Sotevik, L., Hammaren, N. & Hellman, A. (2019). Familiar Play: Age-Coded Heteronormativity in Swedish Early Childhood Education. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 27(4): 520-533. DOI: 10.1080

Suar, D., &Gochhayat, J. (2014).Influence of Biological Sex and Gender Roles on Ethicality.Journal of Business Ethics, 134(2): 1-10. DOI: 10.1007/s10551-014-2424-0

Tuffour, I. (2017). A Critical Overview of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis: A Contemporary Qualitative Research Approach. Journal of Healthcare Communications, 2 (4:52): 1-5. DOI: 10.4172/2472-1654.100093

United Nations Human Rights (2022).Gender stereotyping.  Retrieved from https://www.ohchr.org/en/women/gender-stereotyping

Usai R., Cai W., &Wassler P. (2020). A Queer Perspective on Heteronormativity for LGBT Travelers.Empirical Research Article.61(1): 3–15. DOI: 10.1177/0047287520967763

Utamsigh, P.D., Richman, L.S., Martin, J.L., Lattanner, M.R., & Chaikind, J.R. (2015).Heteronormativity and Practitioner–Patient Interaction.Health Communication. DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2014.979975

van der Toorn J., Pliskin R, & Morgenroth T. (2020).Not quite over the rainbow: the unrelenting and insidious nature of heteronormative ideology. Elsevier, 34: 160-165. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2020.03.001

Walter, J. G. (2017). The Adequacy of Measures of Gender Roles Attitudes: A Review of Current Measures in Omnibus Surveys. SpringerLink, 52: 829-848.

Yarnell, L.M., Neff, K.D., Davidson, O.A., & Mullarkey, M. (2018). Gender Differences in Self-Compassion: Examining the Role of Gender Role Orientation. Mindfulness. DOI: 10.1007/s12671-018-1066-1.

Yep, G.A. (2017).Further Notes on Healing from “The Violence of Heteronormativityin Communication Studies”.QED: A Journal in GLBTQ Worldmaking 4 (2): 115–122.

Zarar, R., Abrar, N., & Gul, A. (2018).Causes and Impact of Gender Discrimination on Women’s Development.Pakistan Journal of Society, Education and Language (PJSEL), 7(2): 145-154.