Patern ng Exchanges ng mga Interaksiyong Pangklasrum sa Antas Tersiyarya (Pattern of Exchanges of Classroom Interactions in Tertiary Level)



Patern ng Exchanges ng mga Interaksiyong Pangklasrum sa Antas Tersiyarya (Pattern of Exchanges of Classroom Interactions in Tertiary Level)

Nelie S. Salvador
Mariano Marcos State University, City of Batac, Ilocos Norte, Philippines
ISSN: 2961-3035 I Volume 1 I Issue 1 I June 2022

Abstract

This study aimed to determine and analyze the classroom interactions in Social Science, Filipino and Physical Education subjects at Mariano Marcos State University, City of Batac, Currimao, and Laoag City, Ilocos Norte campuses. Specifically, the researcher analyzed the structures or patterns of exchanges of teachers and students in the classroom interactions of the three subjects mentioned. Voice recorder was used in recording the classroom interactions of classes in Sociology 1, Philosophy, Logic, and Economcs; Filipino 02, Panitikan, Physical Education 2 and Physical Education 4. There were fourteen (14) classes observed in this study. Based on the results of analysis, there were seven (7) structures of patterns or exchanges from the utterances of teachers and students. Most frequently used were the TPT (Teacher-Pupil-Teacher), and TP (Teacher-Pupil) structures. Other structures used were TPTPT (Teacher-Pupil-Teacher-Pupil-Teacher), TPTP (Teacher-Pupil-Teacher-Pupil),T (Teacher), TPPPT (Teacher-Pupil-Pupil-Pupil-Teacher), TPTP (Teacher-Pupil-Teacher-Pupil), TPPP (Teacher-Pupil-Pupil-Pupil), and PT (Pupil-Teacher) from highest to lowest. Clearly, teachers dominated classroom interactions. This implies that the thinking and speaking skills of the students are missed in classroom discussions.

Full Article

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56901/RHYT7452

References

Amidon,  E.  &  Hunter,  E.  (1966).  Improving  teaching:  The  analysis  of  classroom  verbal interaction.  New  York:  Halt,  Rinehart  and  Winston, Inc. 

Bautista,  M. S.   (1986) . The  Filipino  bilingual’s  competence:  A  model  based  on  an  analysis  of  Tagalog-English   code - switching.  Di  nalathalang  disertasyon,  Ateneo  de  Manila. 

Bontao,  E. P.  (1997).  Classroom  interaction  in  college  freshman  English  in the  four  tertiary  programs  of  Cagayan  de  Oro  college.  SY  1996-1997:  It’s  implications  to  the  English  language  program.  Di  nalathalang  disertasyon,  Xavier  University,  Cagayan  de  Oro  City.

Canale, M. at  Swain M.. (1980). Theoretical bases of communicative approaches to second language  teaching and testing.  Applied Linguistics, 1(1).

Cole,  R. A.  at Williams,  D.M.  (1973).  Pupil  responses  to  teacher  questions:  Cognitive  level , length  and  syntax.  Educational  Leadership,  31,  pp.  142-145.

Cook, G. (1989). Discourse. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Coulthard,  M. (1975).  An  introduction  to  discourse  analysis.  London: Longman  Group  Ltd.

Dillon, T.  ( 1981).  Duration  of  response  to  teacher  questions  and  statements.  Contemporary  Educational  Psychology, 6,  pp.  1-11.

Espiritu,  C. C.  (1990).  A  System  for  analyzing  interaction  in  Philippine  classrooms.  Di  nalathalang  disertasyon,  Philippine  Normal  College,  Manila.

Firth, J. R. (1957). Ethnographic analysis and language with reference to Malinowski’s views. Sa R. Firth (Ed.). Men and Culture, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

Flanders,  N. A.  (1970).  Analyzing  teaching  behavior.  California:  Addison - Wesley  Publishing  Company.

Gonzales, A. (1985). Using two/three languages in the Philippine classrooms: Implications for policies, strategies and practices. Manila: De La Salle University Press.

Gonzales, A. (2002). Language  planning   and  intellectualization.  Current  issuesIn Language  Planning, 3 (1). 

Gonzales, A. B. (1988). Communicative language teaching in the rival areas: How does one make the irrelevant relevant? Sa SEAMEO RELC Anthology Series 14, Communicative Language Teaching : 84-105.

Hymes,  D.  (1972). Models  of  interaction  of  language  and  social  life.  England:  Penguin  Book,  Ltd.

Jarvis, J.  &  Robinson,  M. ( 1997).  Analyzing  educational  discourse:  An  exploratory  study  of  teacher  and  support  to  pupils’  learning. AppliedLinguistics,  18:212-28.

Johnson,  K. E. ( 1985). Understanding  communication  in  second  language  classroom.  Cambridge:  Cambridge  University  Press.  

Lacamento,  E. M.  (1992).  Classroom  interaction  at  the  College  of  Arts  and  Sciences.  Di nalathalang  tesis,  Benguet  State  University,  Baguio  Colleges  Foundation.

Ledesma,  N. R.  (1990).  Discourse  analysis  of  classroom  interaction  of  hearing  impaired  learners  and  their  teachers  in selected  special  schools  in  Metro  Manila.  Di nalathalang  disertasyon,  University  of  the  Philippines, Lungsod ng Quezon.

Lorenzo,  N.E.  (1999). Work  attitudes, teaching  patterns  and  performance  of  public  secondary  science  teachers.  Di nalathalang disertasyon,  Mariano  Marcos  State  University, Lungsod ng  Laoag . 

Magbual,  H. G.  (2001).  Interaction  patterns  in  high  school  classrooms. Di  nalathalang  tesis, Mariano Marcos  State  University, Lungsod ng Laoag.

Malcolm,  I.  (1986).  Classroom  interaction  analysis  and  the  teacher. Guidelines,  8 (2) ,  1-8.

Mc Carthy, M. (1991). Discourse analysis for language teachers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Penaflorida,  A. H. (1986).  Teacher  talk  and  student  talk  in  College  freshman  Science  laboratory  classes. Di nalathalang disertasyon, University of Sto. Tomas, Manila.   

Ramos,  L. M.  (1984).  Classroom   verbal  interaction  in  selected  grade  four  classes  in the  division  of  city  schools,  Manila  during  the  school year  1982-1983.  Di nalathalang  tesis  .  Philippine  Normal  College. Manila.

Seedhouse, P. (1997). The case of the missing “no”: The relationship between pedagody and interaction. Language Learning, 47: 547-83.

Sibayan, B. P. (1988). Struck by teacher talk and by pupil silence. Paper read at thye RELC Seminar on Classroom Interaction, Singapore.

Simbulan, S. G.  (1993).  Qualitative  analysis  of  classroom  discourses  in  Mathematics  and  teacher-related  factors  at  Bukidnon  State  College:  Their  implication  to  teaching  strategies,  classroom   interaction  and  questioning  techniques.  Di  nalathalang  disertasyon,  Xavier  University.

Sinclair, J. Mc. H  at  R. . Coulthard.  (1975).  Towards  an  analysis  of  discourse:  the  English  used  by  teachers  and  pupils.  London:  Oxford  University  Press.

Stubbs, m. (1993).Discourse Analysis. The Sociolinguistic analysis of natural language, Basil Blackwell Publisher Limited : Oxford,  England.

Vasallo, F.L. (1994). A quatitative study of classroom discourse in Filipino classes of select secondary schools in Cagayan de Oro and Bukidnon. School year 1993-1994. Di nalathalaing disertasyon, Xavier University, Cagayan de Oro City.

Walsh,  S.  ( 2006).  Investigating  classroom  discourse.  London:  Routledge.

Widdowson, C. (1972). Teaching language as communication. London; Harrison and Gibb, Ltd.

Wood, L. A. & Kroger, R. O. (2000), Doing discourse analysis, Thousand Oaks, C. A., Sage Publications, Inc.